Which type of network utilizes CSMA/CD as its access method?

The correct choice is Ethernet as it utilizes the Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) access method primarily in wired networks. CSMA/CD is a network protocol that listens to the network channel for carrier signals before transmitting data. If two devices transmit simultaneously, a collision occurs, and the devices will stop transmitting, wait for a random period, and then attempt to retransmit. This method ensures that multiple devices can use the same channel without excessive collisions, thereby optimizing network performance and reliability.

Ethernet protocols are widely known for their ability to efficiently manage traffic in a local area network (LAN), making CSMA/CD essential for collision handling in the traditional wired Ethernet environment. As data continues to be transmitted over the network, CSMA/CD helps maintain order and reduces the likelihood of data packet loss caused by collisions.

Other network types mentioned in the options operate under different mechanisms; for example, Token Ring uses a token-passing method for access control, whereby a token circulates on the network, granting permission to transmit to the device holding it. Fiber optic and wireless networks may use various protocols and access methods but do not utilize CSMA/CD in their standard operation.