How does a standard hub differ from a standard switch?

A standard hub differs from a standard switch primarily in how they handle data transmission within a network. A hub operates on a basic principle of broadcasting, meaning it sends packets of data to all devices connected to it, regardless of the intended recipient. This approach can lead to network congestion, as all devices receive the same information, even if it’s only relevant to one or a few.

In contrast, a switch uses a more intelligent method of directing traffic. It maintains a table of MAC addresses corresponding to each connected device. When a packet is received, it checks the destination MAC address and forwards the packet only to the specific port that leads to the intended recipient. This not only reduces unnecessary traffic on the network but also enhances overall performance and security. By ensuring that only the appropriate devices receive relevant traffic, switches facilitate a more efficient network environment.

The ability of a switch to intelligently direct packets based on MAC addresses, rather than broadcasting them to all devices like a hub, is a key distinction that underscores the superior functionality and performance of a switch in managing network traffic effectively.